Round 1: Tossup 8

Saint-Venants’ principle states that this quantity becomes uniform a sufficient distance from its originating load. Imparting “residual” values of this quantity (15[1])is used to strengthen brittle materials such as glass or concrete. This quantity is fully described by a tensor named for Augustin-Louis Cauchy (15[1]-5[1])(“KOH-shee”). Like pressure, this (15[1])quantity can be measured in (*) pascals. When this quantity acts parallel (0[1])to a material’s cross (10[1])section, it is called “shear.” This quantity is the y-axis of a curve whose slope equals Young’s modulus. For 10 points, name this quantity that measures internal forces during deformation, contrasted with strain. ■END■

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