Round 10: Tossup 4

An oxide hydroxide of this element reinforces the teeth of limpets, the strongest known biological material. Elements that bind to this element during planetary differentiation are called siderophiles. This is (15[1])the most abundant element found in meteorites that display (15[1])Widmanstätten patterns. The introduction of oxygen to Earth’s atmosphere produced (*) “banded” formations of this element. Pyrite consists of sulfur and this element, whose primary ores include magnetite and hematite. Depending on if its oxidation state is plus 2 or plus 3, this element is “ferrous” or “ferric.” For 10 points, name this transition metal found in rust. ■END■

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